The use of oil as energy source in residential sector is The use of oil as energy source in residential sector is
still the highest (71%) as compared with electricity
(23 5%) and LPG (5 4%) usage (23.5%) and LPG (5.4%) usage.
The dwindling supply of oil and its ever-increasing
market price necessitates for an alternative sources
of energy to address this energy need.
The supply of biomass throughout the country, on
the other hand, is still huge and is under utilized.
Rice husk, sugar , palm oil, coconut, rubber, and
timber residues are the biomass resources
commonly available in the country.
The conventional practice of burning biomass,
which is direct combustion,still remains ,
inconvenient to users and is considered to have
significant contribution to greenhouse gas ggg emission, particularly CO2
(about 18-20% of the
gas produced).
Introducing a second-generation cooking stove
using gaseous fuel from biomass wastes is an
approach aimed at causing a shift from the use of
oil while at the same time tackling the issue on oil while,at the same time,tackling the issue on
GHG emission.
In April 2007, the MJ Approtech, a subsidiary of PT
Minang Jordanindo Group, developed a biomass
gas stove appropriate for domestic use.
This paper presents the MJ biomass gas stove as
an alternative to low cost cooking and to reduce
CO2
gas emission.
The MJ biomass gas
stove is a second
generation domestic
stove technology that
converts solid biomass
fl it btibl fuel into combustible
gases for cooking.
This model of the stove operates on a top-lit pp updraft mode, meaning ignition of fuel starts
from the top of the reactor while air is
introduced from the bottom.
Gaseous flame, with a mixture of CO, H2
and
CH4
, is efficiently burned for convenient
4
cooking.
Preheated air is supplied into the burning Preheated air is supplied into the burning
fuel to improve combustion of gases.
CONTROL OF THE STOVE
The intensity of heat released by the stove can
be controlled either by:
Changing the voltage setting of the voltage selector
switch box --to reduce or to increase the speed of switch box to reduce or to increase the speed of
the fan; or
Opening the ash door to divert some of the air Opening the ash door to divert some of the air
towards the door instead of to the reactor.
Parts Function
Pot Support - To hold the pot in place during cooking
Plate Burner - To uniformlyspread the gas for proper burning yp g p p g
Reactor Inner Cylinder - To contain the fuel and gasify to produce combustible gas
Reactor Outer Cylinder - To insulate the inner cylinder and to preheat secondary air
Grate - To hold fuel inside the reactor
Support Plate - To keep the reactor in proper position and to provide a space
for the entrance of ambientair for cooling for the entrance of ambientair for cooling
Fan - To supply the air needed for gasification and for cooling of the stove
Ash Pan - To collect burnt fuel for proper disposal
Casing - To enclose the reactor and to support the other components of the stove
FEATURES
U bi f l ( i ll ll i ●Usesbiomass wastes asfuel (especially small-sizecharcoal fuel that can not be sold)
●Affordable ●Affordable
●Convenient to use
●Easy to ignite fuel g
●No smoke during operation
●Controllable flame intensity
●Uses very small amount of electricity (to energize fan)
●Easy to load fuel and to discharge char/ash
●Highly efficient ●Highly efficient
●Handy
●Safe to operate
Specification
Model WCGS-10D CGS-10D BPGS-10D
Fuel Wood Charcoal Fines Carbonized Coal Fines Biomass Pellets
Fuel Consumption Rate (kg/hr): 0.39 0.65 0.60Flame Color: Pink to blue Blue to pink Yellow to pink
Power Output (kW): 0.8 1.2 1.0
Start-Up Time (min): 3 5 2
Time to Boil Water: 10 min for 1 liter 7 min for 1.5 liter 13 min for 1 liter
Operating Time (Hr): 1 1 0.8
Overall Dimension
(cm) W x L x H: 32 x 32 x 35 32 x 32 x 37 35 x 35 x 40
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BENEFITS
It is an environment friendly technology since CO It is an environment-friendly technology,since CO
2
emission is reduced.
It is a clean indoor technology for the reason that it It is a clean indoor technology for the reason that it
operates comparable with LPG stove.
It can contribute in the enhancement of the living
ff standard ofhouseholds through the savings on fuel that
they can derive.
It can help boost the self esteem of households by It can help boost the self-esteem of households by
owning a clean and neat stove; and
It can be an avenuefor the country to generate tca bea a e ue o t ecou t ytoge eate
employment and to augment national revenue in the
production and sales of the stove.
ECONOMIC BENEFITS
Low price - The stove requires an investment of only Rp200,000.00 perunit (middle of the prices for single-burner kerosene stove and a complete
set of LPG stove).
Low cost fuel -The cost of fuel is Rp1 800 00 which is significantly lower Low cost fuel -The cost of fuel is Rp1,800.00 which is significantly lower
than that of the kerosene and of LPG (Rp9,000.00 and Rp2,100,00,
respectively).
Low operating cost - Operating cost per hour is only Rp779.77 which is
significantly lower than operating kerosene and LPG stoves with
Rp3,052.42 and Rp901.92, respectively.
High savings – Using the stove over kerosene or LPG stove, a household
can generate a savings of Rp2,488,550.00 (over the use of kerosene) or
Rp133 750 00 (over the use of LPG) in one year Rp133,750.00 (over the use of LPG) in one year.
Short payback period - The investment for the stove can be recovered in
just 0.08 to 1.5 years.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
The MJ biomass gas stove is a potential alternativetechnology for domestic cooking;
The cost of the stove is at the reach of domestic
consumers, even those in the rural areas;
The stove utilizes fuels that are readily available in
the locality;
The stove has low operating cost and shows
potential to contribute significantly in reducing CO2
emission.
No comments:
Post a Comment